Oil-cracking apparatus



Jan. 3, 192s,

F.- C- VANDE WATER ET Az.. 1,655,030

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ldatented Jan. 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK '0. VANDE WATER AND FREDERICK SUNDERMAN, 01:"y NEWBURGH, NEW l YORK, ASSIGNORS TO PETROLEUM LABORATORIES INC., OF NEWBURGE, NEW

"YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

oni-CRCKING APPARATUS.

Application led August 29, 1922. Serial No. 585,114.

operated without the necessity ot any material pressure. l

The invention Jfurther aims to provide an apparatus by which the surplus or excess carbon will be held in solution or suspension and prevented from depositing on the walls of 'the apparatus, and may be readily removed from time to time without in any interrupting or aifectingthe apparatus.

`ill/lith these and Vother objects in view, the invention includes the novel apparatus hereinatter described and particularly deiined by the appended claims, the invention being explained by the aid ofthe accompanying drawing illustrating diagrammatically an apparatus suitable for carrying out the process.

Referring by reference characters to this' drawing, the numeral 1 designates a still of suitable Capacity designed to be heated by a furnace 2 and having supply means 3 for introducing thereinto what we term residual eil, or petroleum oil of eitherbase, which has a boilingl point higher than the boiling point of the oil to be treated.

'The still having been supplied. with a suitable quantity ot oil having a boiling point above 500 F., heat is applied, and it the boiling point -is not high enough, the contents are boiled down until the temperature i ot lthe oil is approximately 7509 F., as determined hy the thermometer with which such still are usually provided.

llheoil to be treated is then supplied under requisite pressure from a -suitable source,-as by means of a pump (not shown) through pipe 4 into coil 5 which is located inthe bottom of the still and which is -provided with a plurality of .openings 5a through which the oil issues into the body ai residualoil ina finely divided condition.

rihe flow of the oil is regulated in a suitable rnanner as by valve 5", (or by regulating the speed ot the pump), care being taken to so adjust `or proportion the feed that the incoming oil will not unduly reduce the 55, temperature of the residual oil, which must be kept at a substantially even or uniform cracking temperature.

The oil to be treated or cracked passes up into and through the residual oil, no pressure being employed save that due to the weight of the residual oil which is ot higher specific gravity than the oil to be cracked, and which is practically atmospheric pressure and hence negligible. The incoming oil is immediately vaporized by the highly heated residual oil and the hydrocarbon moleculesdecomposed or cracked, and the resulting vapors pass by way ot pipes 6 to condenser 7 and thence through pipe 8 to 70 any suitable reservoir (not shown) in the shape of cracked oil.

Preferably we employ a still which will cause a circuitous passage ot' the oil being vaporized, such as shown in the drawings by a bell or inverted dome member ll overlapping a lower annular partition member l, these being in effect batiles, and the course ot the oil being vaporized being indicated by the arrows. Thereby we subject the oil to be cracked tor a longer period to the heat of the cracking oil, or in other words, cause it to take a longer period in passing through -the cracking oil.

The period of contact maybe varied by raising` or lowering the baille member ll? by suitable adjusting means, as shown, or in any other suitable manner.

Having thus described our what we claim is i. lu combination, a still body adapted to contain a menstruum oil, a {iu'e for combustion gases passing upwardly through the same, a baillev projecting inwardly from said still body and upwardly substantially inidway between the walls of said flue and the wals ot said still body.

In combination, a still body adapted to contain a menstruum oil, a flue for combus-l tion gases passing upwardly through the same, a baille projecting inwardly from said stillbody and upwardly substantially midway between the walls of said flue and the wa ls of said still body, and a canopy atinvention,

tuelied to Suid flue extendingr downwardly between said baille und the walls of the still body.

3. In combination, a, still body adapted to contain n nienstruuln oil, a lue Jfor combustion gases passing upwardly through the saine, u bulle projectinginwardly from said still body and upwardly substantially midway between the walls of said flue und tlie walls of Suid still body, und a canopy' adjustubly attached to Suid flue extending downwardly between Suid baille, und the wulls ol Suid still body und ternnnuting short of the juncture of the baille with the still body.

4. A still body, means forsupplying oil in u number of fine streams udjzieentV the lower portion of said still, a buffle direct,- ing the Supplied oil upwardly, un inverted bell shape baille outside and Aabove the first baille, und means for leading olf the vapors formed.

5.' A still body, ineens for supplying oil n a` number of line streams udgacent the lower portion of said still, a baille directing the supplied oil upwardly, an inverted bell shape baille udjustable in height eutside and above tbe lr'st battle, und means Jor leading otf the va )oi's formed.

FRANK C. f'ANDE EVTER. FREDERICK R. SUNBERMN 

